Structural Features of Typical Prokaryotic Cells Animal and plant cells are types of eukaryotic cells, whereas bacteria are a type of prokaryote Prokaryotes have a cellular structure distinct from ...
The Vital Role of ATP All organisms require a constant supply of energy to maintain their cells and stay alive This energy is required: In anabolic reactions – building larger molecules from smalle...
Electron Micrographs: Animal Cells TEM electron micrograph of an animal cell showing key features Exam Tip You should be able to describe and interpret photomicrographs, electron micrographs and dr...
Eukaryotic Cell Structures & Functions Cell surface membrane The structure of the cell surface membrane – although the structure looks static the phospholipids and proteins forming the bilayer ...
Calculating Actual Size When investigating the size of organisms and biological structures you will use a microscope of a specific magnification to produce an image Photomicrographs are images obta...
Resolution & Magnification Magnification Magnification is how many times bigger the image of a specimen observed is in compared to the actual (real-life) size of the specimen A light microscope...
Eyepiece Graticules & Stage Micrometers An eyepiece graticule and stage micrometer are used to measure the size of the object when viewed under a microscope Each microscope can vary slightly so...
Magnification Calculations Magnification is how many times bigger the image of a specimen observed is in comparison to the actual (real-life) size of the specimen The magnification (M) of an object...
Microscope Slide Preparation In order to observe cellular material in more detail, specimens can be prepared for viewing under a light microscope Samples need to be thin enough to allow light to pa...
